偏振与马吕斯定律 / Polarization & Malus's Law
透射光强 / Transmitted I = —
透射率 / Ratio = —
入射光 Incident
偏振片 Polarizer
透射光 Transmitted
θ 夹角 Angle
入射光 / Incident Light
偏振片 / Polarizer
演示要点 / Key points
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马吕斯定律 I = I₀ cos²θ
Malus's law: transmitted intensity equals incident intensity times cos²θ.
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θ=0°/180°/360° 完全透过，θ=90°/270° 完全消光
Full transmission at 0°/180°/360°. Extinction at 90°/270°. cos²θ period = 180°.
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偏振片只允许沿透振轴方向的分量通过
Only the E-field component parallel to the transmission axis passes.